An Associate Professor of Restorative Dentistry, Dr Yetunde Ajayi, says tooth loss should be addressed promptly to restore oral health and mitigate its impact on mental well-being.
Ajayi, of the College of Medicine, University of Lagos, said this in an interview on Wednesday ahead of the commemoration of World Oral Health Day.
The World Oral Health Day observed annually on March 20, aims to raise awareness and prioritise oral health – an essential component of overall well-being that is often overlooked.
The theme for the 2025 celebration is “A Happy Mouth is A Happy Mind,” which highlights the connection between oral health and mental well-being.
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), oral diseases such as dental caries, gum disease and tooth loss affected 42 per cent of the African Region’s population in 2021.
Ajayi said tooth loss is a public health concern that reduces the quality of life of those affected, as it alters aesthetics, masticatory function, psychological and social well-being of individuals.
According to her, tooth loss occurs due to a multitude of reasons, each affecting the oral health of individuals in different ways.
She cited causes of tooth loss to include periodontal disease, which is an infection of the tissues that surround and support the teeth, often leading to swelling, soreness and eventual tooth loss, if left untreated.
The professor said dental caries, or tooth decay, was another prevalent cause, where bacteria in the mouth produce acids that erode tooth enamel and lead to cavities.
She noted that injury from accidents or sports-related impacts and systemic conditions like diabetes or osteoporosis could weaken the bones and tissues supporting the teeth, making them more susceptible to loss.
Ajayi emphasised that prevention of tooth loss was critical in maintaining oral health and overall well-being.
“Effective preventive measures include practising good oral hygiene by brushing and flossing regularly, which helps to remove plaque and prevent the buildup of harmful bacteria.
“Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are crucial for early detection and management of dental issues such as periodontal disease and dental caries.
“Adopting a balanced diet low in sugary and acidic foods can also protect tooth enamel from erosion and decay.
“Wearing mouthguards during sports activities can prevent traumatic injuries.
“Managing systemic conditions like diabetes through proper medical care can help maintain the health of the supportive structures of the teeth,” she said.
According to her, tooth loss can have a significant impact on mental health, affecting a person’s self-esteem, confidence, and overall well-being.
Ajayi, however, stressed that dental professionals could help individuals explore treatment options, such as dental implants, bridges or dentures, to restore their smile and confidence.
“The advancements in dentistry and dental technology have provided people with options to choose from in terms of replacement of missing teeth.
“These options range from removable dentures to fixed bridges and dental implants,” she said.
Ajayi emphasised that selecting the right tooth replacement option depended on the number of missing teeth, the patient’s overall health and budget considerations.
Data from WHO showed that, in spite of dentistry advancements, Africa still lagged behind in key oral health indicators.
According to WHO, oral health remains a low priority in many African countries, leading to inadequate financial and technical investment, which in turn undermines prevention and care services as well as oral health promotion.
It said 70 per cent of African countries spent less than one Dollar per person, per year, on treatment costs for oral health care in 2019.
The health agency said only 17 per cent of the region’s population has access to essential oral healthcare services, while progress in disease prevention is also slow, including fluoride use and sugar reduction efforts.
NAN
