Prof. Charles Adetunji, a biotechnology researcher and Director of Research at Edo State University, Uzairue, has stated that the ethical boundaries governing Genetic Modification (GM) in Nigeria are defined by rigorous regulatory oversight, professional ethics, and respect for cultural and socio-economic values amid ongoing public concerns.
Adetunji made the remarks during a telephone interview with reporters on Thursday.
He explained that in Nigeria—where agricultural biotechnology is actively promoted and GM crops have been approved for commercial release—ethical considerations are shaped not only by science but also by cultural values and socio-economic realities.
According to him, maintaining a balance between scientific advancement and societal values is essential to ensure safety, build long-term public acceptance, and promote responsible adoption of biotechnology.
“The National Biosafety Management Agency (NBMA) enforces the Biosafety Act 2015 (as amended),” Adetunji said. “Ethical boundaries emphasize strict risk assessment, compliance with international biosafety standards, and continuous monitoring of GM crop use.”
He noted that ethical debates in Nigeria centre on protecting the country’s rich ecosystems and ensuring that GM adoption does not harm traditional farming practices.
A major ethical concern, he said, is guaranteeing that GM technology delivers tangible benefits to smallholder farmers—who form the backbone of Nigeria’s agriculture—rather than disproportionately favoring large agribusinesses.
Adetunji stressed the importance of community engagement and transparent communication about GM crops.
“Farmers and consumers should be fully informed about both the benefits and risks of GM technology. Misinformation and coercion must be avoided. Considerable work has been done in this area, but more needs to be done,” he said.
He added that acceptance of GM crops is also influenced by cultural values and religious beliefs.
“Ethical boundaries involve respecting these perspectives while promoting scientific innovation,” Adetunji explained. “Ethical frameworks stress fair distribution of benefits, preventing a scenario where only large agribusinesses profit.”
His comments highlight Nigeria’s ongoing effort to navigate the complex intersection of biotechnology advancement, regulatory compliance, cultural sensitivity, and equitable benefits—ensuring that GM technology supports food security and sustainable agriculture without compromising public trust or environmental integrity.
