An audiologist, Akanchawa Emmanuel, has cautioned Nigerians against using cotton buds and other unsafe ear-cleaning methods, warning that such practices can cause infections, ear injuries, and permanent hearing loss.
She gave the warning in an interview with reporters on Thursday in Benin, advising the public to avoid inserting any objects into the ear canal or attempting internal cleaning.
According to her, earwax (also known as cerumen) is a natural substance produced by glands in the outer ear canal. It serves protective functions by trapping dust, lubricating tissues, and preventing infections.
She explained that the ear is self-cleaning and does not require internal cleaning. She added that earwax type is genetically determined, with wet cerumen being common among Africans and Europeans.
Akanchawa warned that inserting objects such as cotton buds into the ear canal often pushes wax deeper, leading to blockage, reduced hearing, pain, dizziness, and, in severe cases, eardrum perforation and other complications.
She added that improper ear-cleaning practices can irritate the ear canal and disrupt its natural protective balance, thereby increasing vulnerability to infections and other avoidable complications.
The audiologist further cautioned that ear discharge should not be mistaken for earwax, noting that unusual fluid from the ear may indicate an infection or a perforated eardrum and requires professional evaluation.
She advised against using hydrogen peroxide, water, or other home remedies for ear cleaning. When necessary, wax removal should only be performed safely by trained audiologists.
Akanchawa recommended limiting routine ear care to cleaning the outer ear with a clean, damp cloth, while mild itching can be relieved by gently pressing the tragus.
She urged anyone experiencing persistent ear pain, hearing loss, itching, or blockage to seek prompt attention at an Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) clinic instead of self-treatment.
A resident, Mrs Helen Edegbe, said she cleans her ears daily after bathing with cotton buds to remove wax and maintain personal cleanliness.
A student, Mr Esosa Eloghosa, said he uses cotton buds and occasionally water or hydrogen peroxide to relieve ear discomfort and blocked sensations, especially after bathing or swimming.
He added that the practice provides temporary relief from itching and remains common among many of his peers, despite growing awareness of the potential health risks.
He noted that many people prefer self-treatment and only visit Ear, Nose and Throat specialists when symptoms become severe, persistent, or begin interfering with their daily activities.
